According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), climate change refers to any significant change in measure of climate (such as temperature, precipitation, or wind) lasting for an extended period (decades or longer). Climate change may result from:
- Natural factors, such as changes in the sun’s intensity or slow changes in the Earth’s orbit around the sun
- Natural processes within the climate system (i.e. changes in ocean circulation_
- Human activities that change the atmosphere’s composition (i.e. through the burning of fossil fuels) and the land surface (i.e. deforestation, reforestation, urbanization, desertification, etc.)
State and local governments play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and greenhouse gas intensity. Some states participate in volunteer programs and initiatives on a national level. In addition, states are analyzing the costs and benefits of actions and developing innovative programs and strategies that provide benefits to businesses, the environment, and public health. EPA supports states and communities in these activities by encouraging voluntary approaches and providing technical assistance and tools. Currently, more than 25 U.S. states have completed or are working on action plans that identify cost-effective options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions or enhancing carbon sequestration.
Additional Resources:
U.S. Environmental Agency – Climate Change
Pew Center on Global Climate Change
World Health Organization – Climate Change
